Endophyteinfected <i>Festuca pratensis</i> containing loline alkaloids deters feeding by <i>Listronotus bonariensis</i>
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biosynthetic precursors of fungal pyrrolizidines, the loline alkaloids.
Loline alkaloids are saturated pyrrolizidines with a substituted 1-amino group and an oxygen bridge between C2 and C7, and are insecticidal metabolites of plant-symbiotic fungi (endophytes). Cultures of the endophyte, Neotyphodium uncinatum, incorporated labeled L-proline and L-homoserine into the 1-aminopyrrolizidine, N-formylloline. The A-ring carbons C1-C3 and the N1 were derived from L-homo...
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A series of bioassays were conducted to determine the response of adult western tarnished plant bugs, Lygus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae), to artificial diets containing potassium chloride (KCl). We first examined the feeding behavior of L. hesperus by direct observation in a no-choice diet feeding arena. We observed a total of 22 Lygus feeding events lasting an average of 411 ± 64 s o...
متن کاملGene clusters for insecticidal loline alkaloids in the grass-endophytic fungus Neotyphodium uncinatum.
Loline alkaloids are produced by mutualistic fungi symbiotic with grasses, and they protect the host plants from insects. Here we identify in the fungal symbiont, Neotyphodium uncinatum, two homologous gene clusters (LOL-1 and LOL-2) associated with loline-alkaloid production. Nine genes were identified in a 25-kb region of LOL-1 and designated (in order) lolF-1, lolC-1, lolD-1, lolO-1, lolA-1,...
متن کاملPlants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids: toxicity and problems.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are toxic for human and livestock. They undergo a metabolic toxication process in the liver which is the first target organ for PA poisoning. Worldwide many episodes of human PA intoxications are well reported. In many cases the reason for these intoxications has been PA contamination in food. The main tools for analysing food and fodder on PA content are based on G...
متن کاملEnzymes from Fungal and Plant Origin Required for Chemical Diversification of Insecticidal Loline Alkaloids in Grass-Epichloë Symbiota
The lolines are a class of bioprotective alkaloids that are produced by Epichloë species, fungal endophytes of grasses. These alkaloids are saturated 1-aminopyrrolizidines with a C2 to C7 ether bridge, and are structurally differentiated by the various modifications of the 1-amino group: -NH2 (norloline), -NHCH3 (loline), -N(CH3)2 (N-methylloline), -N(CH3)Ac (N-acetylloline), -NHAc (N-acetylnor...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: New Zealand Plant Protection
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1179-352X,1175-9003
DOI: 10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6843